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Periapical surgery (also called apicoectomy or root-end surgery) is a minor oral surgical procedure used to remove infection and inflammation at the tip of a tooth’s root and to seal the end of the root canal. It’s typically performed when a root canal treatment fails or infection recurs.
Purpose
To remove the infected tissue and tip of the root when conventional root canal treatment or retreatment isn’t sufficient.
Aftercare
Mild swelling or discomfort is common for a few days.
Soft foods and gentle oral hygiene are recommended.
Stitches are removed after about a week.
Types of Periapical Surgery Treatments
Root-End Filling (Retrograde Filling)
After root-end resection, the root canal end is sealed from the tip to prevent reinfection.
Modern materials like Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, or IRM are used.
Periapical Microsurgery
Performed under a dental microscope for precision.
Minimally invasive, with faster healing and higher success rates.
Bone Regeneration (if needed)
If bone loss is significant, bone grafts or regenerative membranes may be placed to restore bone support around the root.
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